Apion godmani, Epinotia aporema, Heliothis spp., Maruca testulalis
Tags
Pod borers, Apion godmani (Fig. 1), Epinotia aporema, Heliothis spp., and Maruca testulalis (Fig. 2) lay eggs on or near pods, after which larvae penetrate pod walls and feed on pod tissue and seeds. A. godmani is a weevil, while the others are caterpillars.
Factors favoring
- Presence of previously infested crop debris
- Lack of crop rotation
- Poor sanitation of previous legume and weed debris
- Contaminated seed
- Susceptible varieties
- Moderate to high moisture conditions favor slugs
Figure 1 - Apion godmani
Figure 2 - Maruca testulalis
Additional Resources
- http://legume.ipmpipe.org
- http://wiki.bugwood.org/PIPE:Legume
- http://www.apsnet.org/ - Dry Bean Production & Pest Management
Photo credits
Courtesy of F.B. Peairs, Colorado State University and K.K. Mauna, Asiatic Agr. Ind.